ABSTRACT The increasing awareness of the depletion of fossil fuel resources and the environmental benefits of biodiesel fuel has made it more attractive in recent times. Its primary advantages deal with it being one of the most renewable fuels currently available and it is also non-toxic and biodegradable. It can also be used directly in most diesel engines without requiring extensive engine modifications. However, the cost of biodiesel is the major hurdle to its commercialization in comparison to petroleum-based diesel fuel. The high cost is primarily due to the raw material, mostly neat cooking oil. Used cooking oil is one of the economical sources for biodiesel production. However, the products formed during frying, can affect the transesterification reaction and the biodiesel properties. The production of biodiesel from waste cooking oil offers a triple-facet solution: economic, environmen...
BRIEF THEORY , REACTION, MECHANISM AND APPLICATION OF Sandmeyer Reaction Reimer Tiemann Reaction Hofmann Bromamide Reaction 1-Sandmeyer Reaction § Sandmeyer reaction affords a useful method for introducing a halogen substituent at the desired position of an aromatic ring . § The method involves the conversion of an aromatic primary amine into an aryl diazonium salt by treatment with nitrous acid in the presence of mineral acid (usually Hydrochloric acid and sulphuric acid ) at low temperatu...
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